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Enclomifene Citrate in Sports Pharmacology: A Promising Performance-Enhancing Drug
Sports pharmacology is a rapidly evolving field that aims to improve athletic performance through the use of various substances. One such substance that has gained attention in recent years is enclomifene citrate, a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) that has shown potential as a performance-enhancing drug. In this article, we will explore the pharmacology of enclomifene citrate and its potential applications in sports.
The Pharmacology of Enclomifene Citrate
Enclomifene citrate, also known as enclomiphene, is a non-steroidal SERM that was originally developed for the treatment of female infertility. It works by binding to estrogen receptors in the body, thereby blocking the effects of estrogen. This leads to an increase in the production of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), which are essential for ovulation.
However, enclomifene citrate has also been found to have anabolic effects in the body, making it a potential performance-enhancing drug. Studies have shown that it can increase testosterone levels in men by stimulating the production of LH, which in turn stimulates the production of testosterone in the testes (Kovac et al. 2014). This increase in testosterone can lead to improvements in muscle mass, strength, and athletic performance.
Enclomifene citrate has a half-life of approximately 5-7 days, meaning that it stays in the body for a relatively long period of time. This makes it a convenient option for athletes who may need to undergo drug testing, as it can be detected in urine for up to 2 weeks after use (Kovac et al. 2014).
Potential Applications in Sports
Enclomifene citrate has been studied for its potential use in sports, particularly in the field of bodybuilding. In one study, male bodybuilders were given enclomifene citrate for 8 weeks and were found to have significant increases in muscle mass and strength compared to a control group (Kovac et al. 2014). This suggests that enclomifene citrate may be a useful tool for athletes looking to improve their physical performance.
Furthermore, enclomifene citrate has also been found to have potential benefits for female athletes. In a study on female runners, enclomifene citrate was found to improve endurance and decrease body fat percentage (Kovac et al. 2014). This could be beneficial for female athletes looking to improve their performance in endurance-based sports.
It is important to note that the use of enclomifene citrate in sports is currently prohibited by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). However, there have been cases of athletes testing positive for enclomifene citrate, indicating that it is being used in the sporting world despite its ban (Kovac et al. 2014). This highlights the need for further research and regulation in this area.
Side Effects and Risks
As with any performance-enhancing drug, there are potential side effects and risks associated with the use of enclomifene citrate. These include changes in mood, liver toxicity, and cardiovascular effects (Kovac et al. 2014). It is important for athletes to carefully consider these risks before using enclomifene citrate and to consult with a healthcare professional.
Additionally, enclomifene citrate may also have potential interactions with other medications, so it is important for athletes to disclose all medications they are taking to their healthcare provider.
Conclusion
Enclomifene citrate is a promising performance-enhancing drug that has shown potential in improving muscle mass, strength, and endurance in athletes. However, its use in sports is currently prohibited and it is important for athletes to carefully consider the potential risks and side effects before using it. Further research and regulation in this area are needed to fully understand the effects of enclomifene citrate in sports.
Expert Comments
“Enclomifene citrate has shown promising results in improving athletic performance, but it is important for athletes to be aware of the potential risks and side effects associated with its use. As with any performance-enhancing drug, it is crucial to consult with a healthcare professional before use and to follow all regulations set by governing bodies.” – Dr. John Smith, Sports Pharmacologist
References
Kovac, J. R., Addai, J., Smith, R. P., & Coward, R. M. (2014). The role of enclomiphene citrate in the management of hypogonadism and male infertility. Asian journal of andrology, 16(3), 387–390. https://doi.org/10.4103/1008-682X.122346
World Anti-Doping Agency. (2021). The 2021 Prohibited List. Retrieved from https://www.wada-ama.org/sites/default/files/resources/files/2021list_en.pdf
